Metal-working machine



Sept. 25, 1928.

H. C. ERDMAN METAL WORKING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1925 10 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inn Sept. 25, 1928.

H. C. ERDMAN METAL WORKING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1925 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 w WW M z c 4 MM 2 w I E M K 6 Q 2 a X fl J/ -k w /W V .J M M p r\ I m Sept. 25, 1928.

H. C. ERDMAN METAL WORKING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1925 10 ShQetS-Shet 4 Bl we 711 2 Sept. 25, 1928.

H. C. ERDMAN METAL WORKING MACHINE l0 Shts-Shet 5 Filed Nov. 19, 1925 Sept. 25, 1928. 1,685,319

H. C. ERDMAN METAL WORKING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1925 10 Sheets-Sheet 7 ,Inven 7,

Sept. 25, 1928. 1,685,319 H. C. ERDMAN METAL WORKING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1925 10 Shecs-Shet 8 -r UGRYLOY? Sept. 25, 1928.

H. C. ERDMAN METAL WORKING MACHINE l0 Sheets-Sheet; 9

Filed Nov. 19, 1925 C' wvfli fwd v Sept. 25, 1928.

H. C. ERDMAN METAL WORKING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1925 Patented Sept. 25, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARVEY C. ERDMAN, OF SHAKER HEIGHTS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, TO THE NATIONAL SCREW AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

METAL-WORKING MACHINE.

Application filed November 19, 1925. Serial No. 69,967.

a blank, and therefore the cost of completing the finished product will he reduced very materially.

In carrying out the invention, and in the attainment of the above objects, I provide a machine which operates on both ends of the blank, and which prior to the drilling operations countersinks both ends of the blank so as to reduce the amount of material to be drilled, and also the drilling time, the drilling operation heretofore requiring the most time of the several'operations.

By countersinking both ends of the blank, not only is the drilling time reduced, but there is eliminated the necessity of subse- %uently countersinking the bore to remove In practice the blanks are fed from a hopper and operated on successively by a series of tools, and in the preferred construction the blank delivered from the hopper first asses into a chuck, and is then given the rst countersinking and facing operation by a tool which operates on the forward end of the blank. Then the blank is delivered by a carrier or transfer arm into a chuck carried b a turret which has a series of similar chuc s into which the blanks are fed, one at a time, from the carrier. Opposite the turret the machine is provided with slidable and rotatable tools, circularly arranged to correspond to the arrangement of the chucks of the turret, and corresponding in number to the number of operations to be performed on the opposite ends of the blanks. As the turret is indexed, a blank is gradually carried from the receiving station through the cycle, and after being operated on by the different slidable and rotat ing tools is ejected from the turret chuck.

The invention may be further briefly summarized as consisting in certain novel combinations and arrangements of parts, and details of construction, which will be described in the s ecification and set forth in the appended c aims.

In the accompanying sheets of drawings wherein I have shown a construction which operates with high efliciency, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine; Fig. 2 is a top' plan view; Fig. 3 is an end view looking toward the'head end of the machine; Fig. 4 is an end view looking toward the opposite end; Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical sectional view of the tool or spindle end of the ma chine substantially along the line 5-5 of Fig. 6; Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional View substantially along the line 6-6 of Fig. 5; Fi 7 is a longitudinal sectional v ew throug the turret with the upper portion removed, the section being taken substantially along the line 77 of Fig. 8; Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional view substantially along the line 8-.8 of Fig. 7, lookmg in the direction indicated by the arrows, but showing by dotted lines a cam shiftmg lever which is on the opposite side of the plane of the section; Fig. 9 is a fragmentary view partly in side elevation and partly in section, showing the mechanism utilized in the first operation performed on the blank; Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view showing the tool which performs the first operation on the forward end of the blank; Fig. 11 is a detail sectional view substantially along the line 1111'of Fig. 9, this view showing how the blanks are adapted to be fed into the side of the chuck which receives and holds the blank for the first operation; Fig. 12 is a sectional view through the lower part of the transfer arm or carrier which carries the blank from the point where the first operation is performed, over to a chuck of the turret, the transfer arm being in position to deliver a blank to the chuck which is indicated in section, as is also a guide which assists in the delivery; Fig. 13 is a face view of the turret showing the transfer arm and guide of Fig. 11; Fig. 13 is a fragmentary view showing a side view of the guide and its support; Fig. 13 is an edge view of the transfer arm shown detached; Fig. 14 shows six end views of the blank in its various stages, and shows the operations performed on the end facing the spindle or tool end of the machine; Fig. 15 shows similar views of the blank looking from the opposite side, corresponding to the turret end of the machlne, and showing the operations performed on the end of the blank facing the head or turret end; Fig. 16 shows the blank in its various stages of completion, this yiew showing the blank in each position in section; Fig. 17 is a view similar to that shown in Fig. 11 but showing the parts on a larger scale; and Fig. 18 is a top plan view of the collet per se.

Before describing the construction of the machine, it may be well to refer to Figs. 14, 15 and 16, wherein 10 represents t e blank to be operated on, and 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 show the blank after being given the successive operations which are given at the different working stations and which are five in number. In this instance a so-called castle nut is formed, but the machine has the same utility when operating on an ordinary nut, or other similar products.

In the first operation performed on the forward end of the blank, the latter is faced off, as indicated at 11, and countersunk as indicated at 11". The countersink is preferably annular in form, or in the form of an annular depression with tapered side walls.

The four subsequent operations are all performed on the opposite end of the blank. These include first the forming of the countersink 12*; next the turning of the castle part of the nut indicated at 13 and also facing, indicated at 13 then the first drilling operation which drills a hole part way through the blank, as ind cated at 145; and finally completing the drilling operatlon indicated at 1 5 In the event that an ordinary nut is being operated on, instead of the castle portion 13 being turned, the end of the blank will be crowned.

It will be observed that by reason of the second countersink 12*, the first drill has less met-a1 to cut through than would be the case if the end surface were flat. Likewise, it will be observed that by roviding the first countersink 11", the dril ed opening 15* is completed in lesstime and with less travel of the drill, the latter saving being equal substantially to the depth of the countersink 11". Additionally the two countersinks will cause opposite ends of the drilled bore or opening 15 to be slightly tapered or countersunk, as indicated at 15 and 15, thus doing away with the necessity of separate countersinking operations to remove bur.

Referring now to the drawings, the machine includes a bed 16, which in this instance is supported on legs 16, in turn resting in an oil pan 16". Extending through, and journaled in the bed is a shaft 17 which can be driven in any suitable way, but in this instance it is provided with a pulley of the machine is a turret 18, suitably journaled in a housing 18 on the bed, this turret being provided with a series of chucks 19, the details of which will be referred to presently. In this instance a five-station turret is employed, and it is therefore provided with five chucks 19, equally spaced about the axis of the turret.

The nut blanks 10 are fed from a suitable hopper 20, which may be supported on the turret housing 18. The feeding mechanism in the hopper may be of usual construction, but it preferably consists of a star-wheel 21 on a shaft journaled in the sides of the hopper and adapted to be given a step by step movement by ratchet mechanism 21 operated by a suitable'cam indicated at 21 on shaft 17, no attempt being made to show the details of this cam, and further description of the blank feeding mechanism being omitted as this mechanism is well known in the art in a variety of slightly modified forms.

From a trough-like neck 20 of the hopper 20 the blanks are fed through a chute 22, the lower portion of which is vertically disposed, as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4. From the bottom of this chute the blanks pass through the top side and into a chuck 23 Figs. 1 and 9 which holds the blank for the first operation, which is erformed on the forward face or end thereo This chuck is supported beneath the chute 22 in a bracket 23 supported from the bed. The chuck includes a spring collet 23", which is adapted to be moved inward to grip the blank by a rotary member 23 associated with a stationary member 23, these two members having on their adjacent faces cam lugs and recesses arranged so that when the member 23 is turned on the rear portion or body of the collet, the camming action between the members 23 and 23 causes the collet to grip the blank. The member 23 is adapted to be rod 23 and levers 23 connected to a connecting rod 23 which is actuated by a cam 23 on shaft 17.

Extending centrally through the collet is a pusher 24 which is moved back and forth. When it is retracted, the lowermost blank drops in front of it, and when it is moved forward it pushes the blank forwardly into the jaws of the collet so that a portion of the blank will project beyond the jaws. This pusher 2 1 is supported and reciprocated by a slide 25 which slides back and forth on the bed and not only actuates the pusher but moves back and forth the tools which act on the blanks supported by the chucks in the turret. In this instance the pusher is supported in 9. boss 25 in effect forming a part of the slide (see Fig. 1), and a spring 25 (see Fig. 1) is arranged between the boss and a shoulder on the pusher so that the pusher may yield in case it encounters an obstruction.

Forwardly of and in line with the chuck 23, is a combined facing and countersmk ng tool 26, which performs the first operation on the blank, this being on the forward end end of a revolving shaft or spindle 27 which is rotatably supported and endwise movable in bearings of a bracket 27 suitably bolted to the side of the turret housing The shaft is moved in an endwise direction so as to carry the tool 26 up to the forward end of the blank by a shifter 27 engaging a collar 27?, which is fastened to the shaft 27, the shifter being rocked backand forth by a cam 27 'on shaft 17. The shaft 27 is adapted to be rotated'by a belt engaging a pulley 27 which is keyed to a sleeve 27 g normally clutched to a collar 27*; the clutch being 1ndicated at 27 The collar 27 is in turn keyed to a sleeve 27 having two key-way slots engaged by keys 27 fixed to the shaft 27. Obviously. when the clutch 27 is engaged, the pulley will rotate the shaft, and normally does so. only at intervals when it is desired to change or repair the tool 26, and the operator may disengage the clutch by throwing a lever 27 m (see Fig. 2) connected to a. shifter rod 27 which is supported by the bracket 27 b (see Fig. and engages the sleeve 27 carrying the pulley.

When the yoke of the shifter 27 is rocked so as to shift the sleeve 27. secured to shaft 27, the tool and shaft are moved forwardly toward the blank to be machined, by a direct thrust, but to avoid chattering, 'I place a so-called compensator between the shifter and the stationary part consisting in this instance of the bearing or bracket 27 supporting the shaft 27, the compensator consisting of the ring or collar 27 and a similar ring or collar 27*, and between which are springs 27 (see Fig. 10) and connecting bolts 27 B which allow movement between the collars 27' and 27 The parts are so arranged that when the sleeve 27 is moved by the shifter, near the end of the forward or active stroke this sleeve comes in contact with the end of sleeve 27 carrying the sleeve 27 and moves the sleeve 27 to the right, as viewed in Fig. 10, compressing the springs 27 so that there is a cushioning action which causes the tool 26 to be held with the right degree of firmness against the blank.

When the shaft 27 and tool 26 are moved forwardly so as to face and countersink the forward end of the blank, the pusher 24 is The clutch is disengaged retracted, the forward end of the pusher moving back beyond the lower end of the upon the pusher 24 moves forwardly, pushing the next blank into the jaws of chuck 23 and causing the blank on which the tool 26 has just operated to be moved into the mouth or socket of a pivoted transfer arm or carrier 28, the tool 26 and its shaft 27 Y meanwhile having been retracted. of the blank. This tool 26 is secured to the The transfer arm 28 is secured to a rock shaft 28 mounted in a bracket 28 secured to the upper part of the turret housing 18 (see particularly Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 13). This transfer arm 28, the function of which is to carry the blank from the chuck 23 to one of the chucks 19 of the turret 18 is swung back and forth about the axis of the rock shaft 28, and this is accomplished by a rod 28 (see Figs. 1, 3 and 4) the lower end of the rod being connected to an arm 28 on a rock shaft 28 supported by a bracket on the side of the bed, and having attached to it an arm 28 connected by a connecting rod 28 to a cam 28*.

When the transfer arm is swung inward to its innermost position, the blank'which it carries is in line with one of the chucks 19 of the turret which was previously indexed to bring the empty chuck 19 into alignment with the blank at the lower end of the transfer arm when the latter is in the position stated. When this occurs the blank is pushed from the transfer arm into. the chuck 19 by a' pusher 29 (see Fig. 2) slidingly supported in a bearing 29 carried by a spindle bracket 30 secured in fixed position on the bed 10, the main function of this bracket to be described presently. 1

The pusher 29 is operated by an arm 29 (see Fig. 2) on the upper end of a vertical rock shaft 29 carrying at its lower end an arm 29 which is rocked by a cam 29 on shaft 17 (see Fig. 1).

It will be noted, particularly by reference to Figs. 12 and 13, that the lower part of the transfer arm which receives the blank from the chuck23 at the lower end of the chute 22 is formed by a fixed or rigid portion and a pivoted finger 28 normally held in the position shown in Fig. 13 by a spring 28", the socket or opening which receives the blank being formed in part by the finger 28 and a bushing 28 (see Fig. 12). The purpose of providing the pivoted finger 28 is to insure the transfer arm against injury in the event that the blank is not entirely delivered from the chuck 23 into-the transfer arm, the finger 28 yielding so as to permit the transfer arm to swing inwardly if the blank is not clear of chuck 23.

It will be noted also that the rear side of the lower portion of the transfer arm is notched out, asbest shown in Fig. 13, and

that there is provided in front of the turret a pivoted but normally stationary member 28", held b a light sprin in the posit on shown in ig. 13 on a bracket 28 extending down in front of the turret. This pivoted member 28 serves as a guide to assist in the delivery of the blank from the transfer arm to the chuck 19 of the turret. When the transfer arm swings inward to delivery position, the guide 28 extends into the rear notched portion of the transfer arm, as indicated in Fig. 12, and when the pusher 29 pushes the blank from the transferarm into the chuck 19 of the turret, the blank slides across the tapered face at the free end of the guide 28 v In the event that the blank is not pushed entirely from the transfer arm so that it does not actually enter the chuck 19 of the turret, it will drop down out of the way when the transfer arm is retracted or moved away from the guide 28 instead of being carried back with the transfer arm. The purpose of this guide, then, is to prevent in ury or jamming in the event that the blank is not properly delivered from the transfer arm to the chuck 19 of the turret.

When the blank isproperly delivered into the chuck 19 of the turret it projects outwardly somewhat from the chuck, and when the turret is indexed, the outwardly projecting portion of the blank slides overthe tapered face at the free end of the guide, the latter then swinging downwardly on its pivot to permit the blank to pass it.

It was previously stated that the turret 18" carries a series of chucks 19, in'this instance five in number, and that the turret is rotatably mounted in a housing 18 supported on the bed. The chucks 19 are all of similar construction, one being indicated in section.

in Fig. 7. It will be observed by reference to Fig. 7, that the chuck 19 is composed of a spring collet 19, secured to a sleeve 19" which extends out through the rear end of the turret. Inside the collet'19is a stop 19 whose inward movement is yieldingly resisted by a spring 19, this stop being pushed inward by the blank which is shown in position inthe collet in Fig. 7. The inward movement of the stop 19 is stopped by an adjustable gauge rod 19, the position of which can be adjusted by an adjustable screw 19 carried by a plate 19 supported by studs 19 on the rear side of the turret. It will be understood that the adjusting screws 19 for the five chucks are all mounted in the same plate 19. The stop 19 serves also as an ejector to eject the blanks when the chuck is opened at the end of the cycle of operations as will be explained.

To cause the jaws of the clutch to grip the blank, the spring collet is moved inward as usual into contact with a tapered ring 19, and to move the collet inward there is provided on the rear end of each sleeve 19'' a rockin member 19. Eachmember 19 is yielding y connected to a member 19", arranged adjacent a fixed member 19, the two members 19 and .19 havin on their adjacent faces cam lugs and in entations. It is obvious that when'the member 19 is turned on the sleeve 19 the two members 19 and 19 are cammed apart so as to retract or move inward the collet 19. When the member 19 is rocked in the opposite dir ection so that the lugs on one come into registration with the indentations of the other, the collet is moved outward and the jaws open, this being accomplished by a spring 19.

Just as soon as the blank is moved into the jaws of the chuck, the jawsare automatically closed onto the blank and locked, and this is accomplished b a rotary cam member 31, the periphery 0 which is partly cam shaped and partly circular, as indicated in Fig. 8. This cam member 31 is fixed to a sleeve 31, mounted on a shaft 32 extending centrally through the turret 18. The rear end of the sleeve 31 carries an arm 31", which as shown in Fig. 7, is connected to a connecting rod 31, shown by dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 3, and adapted to be shifted by a cam 31 on shaft 17 As soon as the blank has been pushed into the receivingchuck 19, the cam member 31 isrocked, causing the rocking member 19 associated with the chuck in receiving position to be rocked so as to turn the members 19 and 19 relatively, thus causing the collet to be pulled inward and the jaws closed on the blank. By reference to Fig; 8, which shows the rear ends of the chucks, the centrally disposed cam member 31 and the rocking members 19, it will be seen that the latter are provided with a series of rollers 19 'which are adjacent the periphery of the cam member 31 and a series of outer rollers 19. When thecam member 31 is rocked in the manner stated to close the jaws of the chuck onto the blank, it is moved from the position shown in Fig. 8 in a clockwise direction so as to cause the roller 19, which as shown,-engages the cam portion, to ride up onto the peripheral portion. This rocks the rocking member 19, as stated above, to close the jaws on the blank, and the roller remains in engagement with the circular portion of the cam member throughout the rest of the cycle so that the jaws will be retained closed on the blank until the completed blank is ready to be ejected from the machine.

Referring to Fig. 8, which as before stated, shows the rear ends of the five chucks of the turret, when a chuck receives a blank, it is in the position marked A, in this figure, and the chucks in positions marked B, C, D

Hill

insane and E, through which sitions each chuck 'same figure, that when t e cam member 31 is rotated in the manner just explained, to lock the jaws of the chuck in position A on the blank, the roller 19 carried by the rocking member 19 associated with the chuck in position E is released from the circular portion of the cam member 31' in the same movement of the latter which caused the roller 19 associated with the chuck in position A to ride up on the circular portion of the cam member, and therefore to cause the blank to be locked in the chuck.

It might be here stated that at or about the time that the blank is inserted in the chuck in position A, the tools which operate on the blanks in the chucks in the positions B, 0,1) and E are advanced and perform their several cutting. operations, and during this interval the blank in the chuck in position A is locked in the chuck by the rotation of the cam member 31, and the pusher 29 is retracted. Following this, the turret is indexed, and when the chuck moves from position E to position ,A, the jaws of the chuck are automatically unlocked or released from the blank, and the blank is automatically ejectedby the ejector .19, the blank then passing down through a discharge chute which is indicated at 33 in Fig. 4.

In order that the jaws may be released from the blank when a chuck is moving from position E to position A, it is necessary that the rocking member 19 associated with the chuck be rocked to its inward position, and this is accomplished by the provision of a stationary cam member 34, (see Fig. 8) which is supported in any suitable manner from-the stationary part of the machine, this cam member being so positioned that when the chuck is moving from position Eto position A, the outer roller 19 engages the cam member 34, causing the rocking member 1*9 to lbs-restored to its inward orformer position indicated or shown in connection with the chuck in position A. It will be understood that as the different chucks successively pass from position E to position A, the outer roller 19 of each will successively engage the cam member 34, so that when the chuck reaches position A, the jaws will be open, read to receive a blank, and before the chuck leaves position A, the blank will be locked in the jaws by the clockwise rotation of cam member 31. It might be here stated that while the turret is being indexed, and while the jaws of the chuck moving from position E to position A are being opened through the action of cam 34 on the associated roller 19, the cammember 31 is moved back by a counter-clockwise movement as the same is viewed in Fig. 8, to the position shown in that figure.

Forwardly of the turret, and directly in line with the chucks when in positions B, G, D and E, are the four tools which respective- 1yl perform the countersinking operation 12*, t e turn ng and facing 13 and 13 (or crowning), the preliminary drilling 14 and the final drilling 15, which operations are performed on the ends of the blanks facing the spindle or main tool end of the machine,

and all illustrated in Figs. 14 and 16.

In Fig. 2 l have shown at 35 the tool for cutting the countersink 12, and at 36 the tool for performing the facing and turning operat ons 13 and 13 (or the crowning operation if an ordinary nut instead of a castle nut is being machined), and in Fig. 1 I have shown at 37 the drill for perform ng the first 0r preliminary drilling operation 14, and at 38 the tool for performing the final drilling operation'indicated at 15 in Flgs. 14, 15 and 16. All these tools .are carried by rotary and endwise movable spindles 39, rotatably mounted in endwise movable but non-rotating sleeves 40, whose forward ends are slidingly supported in the bracket 30, previously referred to, and whose rear ends are slidingly supported in a gear case 41, mounted on the rear portion of the bed, as shown in Fig. 1.

The sleeves, andtherefore the spindles, are reciprocated or moved forwardly and rearwardly by the slide 25, which has a flat rear portion 25, which is guided in the bed, and at the front has an upright portion provided with a series of bosses 25 in which the sleeves 40 are fixed and are secured by adjusting and tightening nuts 25 arranged on opposite sides of each of the bosses. It will be remembered also, that this same slide 25 has the laterally projecting bracket extension 25 which actuates the pusher 24 utilized in moving the blank from the bottom of the chute 22 forwardly into the jaws of the chuck 23, so that it may be operated on by the tool 26.

The slide is moved back and forth so as to give the tools 35, 36, 37 and 38 cutting strokes followed by rear idle strokes, by a cam 25 on shaft 17 this cam being engaged by a roller 25 on the lower side of the slide, as clearly indicated in Figs. 1 and 4.

Extending centrally into the gear box 41, and suitably journaled therein is a shaft 42 which rotates the tool carrying spindles 39, the shaft being provided with tight and loose pulleys 42 and 42*, the loose pulley being provided so as to stop the rotation of the spindles when it is desired to repair or replace the tools carried thereby. On this shaft are two long faced gears 42 and 42 located in the gear box 41. These gears engage and rotate gears 42 and 42 secured to the rear ends of the tool carrying spindles 39, the faces of the driving gears 42 and 42 beinglong enough to permit the driven gears 42 and 42 to remain in drlven engagement throughout the stroke of the splndles in each direction. The two gears 42 and 42 are of different diameters, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the smaller ear 42 being enga ed by the gear 42 on t e spindle carrying t e facing and turning tool (or the crowning tool) as it is desirable that this tool be rotated slower than the countersinking and drilling tools.

As already stated, upon the retraction of the tools 35 to 38, the turret is indexed. The indexing mechanism includes a rotatin arm 43 which is mounted on shaft 17 (see Fig. 3), and rotates continuously. At the free end of the arm is a roller adapted to engage in radially disposed slots 43 of an index plate 43 which is secured to the rear side of the turret, as best indicated in Fig. 7. On each rotation of the arm the index plate 43 and therefore the turret, are turned or indexed, in this instance one-fifth of a revolution.

Associated with the index plate 43 is a locking pin 44, which is mounted for endwise movement in a bracket 44 on the rear side of the frame 16, the locking pin being adapted to engage in notches 43 of the index plate so as to center and properly hold the turret in each of its several operative positions. The locking pin is retracted just prior to each indexing movement by mechanism including a lever 44 connected to a connecting rod 44, which is actuated by a cam 44 on shaft 17.

To operate the machine, power is applied to the pulley 17", which as before stated, drives the shaft 17 carrying the several cams, and power is applied to the pulley 27 for rotatin the front facin tool 26 and also to the pn ey 42 for rotatlng the rear tools 35 to 38. It might be here stated that the shaft 17 is referably in two aligned sections connected together by speed reducing gearing in a gear box 45, shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and

incorporated in this gear box also, is a'clutch which can be controlled by a clutch lever 46 (see Figs. 1 and 3) by which the main section of the shaft 17 carrying the cams can be disengaged from the power driven section carrying the pulley 17". Bythrowing out this clutch the machine as a whole is thrown out of action aside from the rotation of the tools.

The operation of the machine is as follows:

Assuming that the hopper is provided with a quantity 'of blanks, these blanks are fed down the chute 22, and the lowermost blank drops into the top side of chuck 23, which is at the front side of the machine, just forwardly and to one side of the turret, the blank being adapted to drop into the collet when the pusher 24 is retracted. The pusher 24 then moves forwardly, ushing the blank into the chuck 23, and at t e same time causing theblank ahead of it to move into the transfer arm.. As the blank moves into the chuck the jaws of the latter are closed, and when the transfer arm swings inwardly to deliver a blank to the chuck 19 of the turret the rotating tool 26 is advanced, facing and countersinking the forward end of the blank, and producing the operations designated 11" and 11 in Figs. 15 and 16. Then the tool 26 is retracted, the transfer arm swin 3 outwardly, and the. blank is shove into the transfer arm, which immediately swings inward, and when it arrives in front of the chuck, in position A, the pusher 29 pushes it from the transfer arm into the chuck. About the same time, the four tools 35 to 38 are advanced and perform their respective cutting operations on blanks in the turret chucks which are in the ositions B, O, D and E, as indicated in Big. 8. As already stated, by these tools the operations designated 12, 1313", 14 and 15 are performed on the end of the blank facing the spindle or rear end of the machine. Then the tools 35 to 38 and the pusher 29 are retracted, the pusher 29 being retracted, however, independently of the tools, and at or about this time the cam member 31 is actuated so as to lock the blank in the chuck of position A. Then the turret is indexed, and as the chuck carrying the now completed blank passes from position E to position A. the .completed blank is ejected from the chuck, the cam member 31 meanwhile turning back again to the position shown in Ihave already explained the advantages of countersinking opposite ends of the blank before the drilling operations, and I need not here repeat them. As far as I am aware, I am the first to produce a machine of this character wherein nut blanks or equivalent devices are countersunk, substantiall as indicated, at opposite ends so as to re uce the drilling time and the distance that the drill must be moved through the metal. Therefore these features of the machine I regard as very important parts of the invention, and as far as I am aware, are entitled to be claimed broadly.

Other important features of the invention reside in the general arrangement of the tools and the associated parts whereby the operations described, or similar operations are permitted to be performed on opposite ends of the several blanks, and also in several details of various parts of the machine by which the machine as a whole operates with rapidity and efiectively to permit the finished blanks to be turned out from the machine, ready for tapping, and at a low production cost.

I do not'desire to be confined to the pre- Ill -tersinking tools and a cise details or arrangements shown, nor to a machine for performing the precise cutting operations described, nor to a machine for operating on nut blanks, but aim in my claims to cover all modifications and adaptations which do'not involve a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A metal working machine having a plurality of tools includin a pair of counrilling' tool, the countersinking tools being adapted to form countersinks in the blanks of greater diameter than the diameter of the bore formed therein by the drilling tool and means for presenting the blanks successively to the two countersinking tools so that the blank will be countersunk at opposite ends, and then to the drilling tool.

2. A metal working machine having a countersinking tool with an operative stroke in one direction and having a plurality of additional tools including a countersinking tool and a drilling tool having operative strokes in the reverse direction, the countersinking tools being-adapted to form countersinks in the blanks of greater diameter than the bore formed therein by the drilling tool and means forpresenting blanks successively before the different tools so that a blank will be countersunk at one end, then countersunk 'at the opposite end, and then drilled from the latter end.

3. A metal working machine having a plurality of facing, countersinkin and drilling tools, at least one of which asan operative stroke in the reverse direction to the others, the countersinking tools being adapted to form countersinks in the blanks of greater diameter than the bore formed therein by the drilling tool and means for feeding blanks and for presenting them one at a. time before the different tools whereby the blank will be faced and countersunk at one end, faced and countersunk at the opposite end, and then drilled through from the latter end.

4. A metal working machine comprising a turret having a plurality of chucks, tools movable toward and from the turret, blank deliver means, a chuck which receives each blank efore it is delivered to the turret chucks, said chuck having a fixed position at one side of the turret, and a rotating tool movable on a fixed axis toward and from the last-mentioned chuck and having an operative stroke in a direction opposite to the operative strokes of the first-mentioned tools. I i

5. A metal working machine comprising a turret havin a plurality of chucks, tools movable towar and from the turret, blank delivery means, a chuck which receives each erally into alignment with a chuck of the turret.

- 6; A metal working machine comprising a tool holdlng part, a work holding part, the latter being 111 the form of a chuck having -acollet provided with an opening intermediate its ends, and means for delivering blanks into the chuck through the opening of the collet.

. 7. In a machine of the character described, a tool holding part, a work holding part in the form of a chuck having a collet provided with an opening in the top thereof, and means for delivering blanks one at a time into the chuck through the top of the collet rearwardly of its forward face.

8. ln a metal working machine, a tool holding part, a work holding part in the form of a chuck having a collet with jaws and provided with an opening intermediate its ends, means for delivering blanks one at a timeinto the chuck through the opening of the collet rearwardly of the jaws, and means for moving the blank forwardly into the jaws.

9. In a metal working machine, a tool holding part, a work holding part in the form of a chuck having a collet with 'aws and provided with an opening interme 'ate its ends, means for delivering blanks one at a time into the chuck through the opening of the collet rearwardly of the jaws, and means for moving the blank forwardly into the jaws and then forwardly out of the chuck from the front thereof.

10. In a metal working machine, a tool holding part, a work holding part in the form of a chuck having a collet with jaws and provided with an opening intermediate its ends, means for delivering blanks one at a time into the chuck through the opening of the collet rearwardly of the jaws, means for moving the blank forwardly into the jaws, and means for opening and closing the jaws.

11. In a machine of the character described, a tool holding part, a work holding part in the form of a chuck comprising a sleeve having j aws at the forward end thereof, and means for moving the sleeve in an endwise direction so as to close the jaws onto the work comprising a rotary cam member arranged coaxially of the sleeve.

12. In a machine of the character described, a tool holding part, a work holding part in the. form of a chuck comprising a opposite end havin the same center as the 35 sleeve having jaws at the forwardend thereof, means for moving the sleeve in an endwise direction so as to close the aws onto the work comprising a pair of ad acent cam members, and means for turning one of.-said cam members in one direction to close the chuck and in the opposite direction to cause the chuck to be opened.

13, The method of machining blanks which. comprises countersinking' one end of the blank and drilling abore through the blank from the opposite end of less diameter than the diameter of the countersink.

14. The method of machinin blanks which comprises countersinking t e blank at one end, countersinking the blank at the opposite end and then drilling a bore through the blank of less diameter than the diameters of the countersinks.

15. The method of machining blanks which comprises moving them to different stations and at the different stations, countersinking a blank at one end, countersinking it at the other end, and drilling a bore through the blank from the latter end of less diameter than the diameters of the countersinks, the said operations While performed successively upon each blank being performed simultaneously on different blanks.

16. The method of machining blanks which comprises forming an annular countersunk groove in one end of the blank and drilling a bore through the blank from the I annular countersun groove.

17., The method of machining blanks which comprises forming an annular countersunk groove in one end of the blank and drilling a bore through the blank from the opposite end, the center of which is coincident with the center of the annular countersink but the diameter of which is less than thexexternal diameter of the countersink.

18. The method of machining blanks which comprises moving them to different stations and at the different stations, coun-' tersinking an annular groove in one end of the blank, countersinking the blank at its other end, and drilling a bore through the blank from the latter end, the center of which is coincident with the centers of the countersinks but the diameter is less than the external diameters of the countersinks, the said operations while erformed successively upon each blank eing performed simultaneously on different blanks.

19. The method of machining blanks which comprises forming an annular countersunk groove in one end of the blank, a countersunk hole in the other end of the blank, and drilling a bore through the blank from the latter end.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature.

HARVEY o. 'ERDMAN. 

